Can other players eat you?
Yes. The official page tells you to fight other players and climb the food chain. Treat every larger animal as a threat.
PvP
Every animal is the hunter or the hunted. Size and evolution decide which one you are.
Updated

The official description is blunt: in this ocean every animal is either THE HUNTER or THE HUNTED. You eat smaller fish, grow bigger, fight other players, and climb the food chain. Servers hold up to 60 players, so other people are part of the ecosystem, not background.
A death screen observed in gameplay footage reads YOU ARE DEAD. and shows a +300 reward (Bd9IHpMI5Q8@16:24). That confirms deaths are expected and still pay something. Do not treat a death as a wipe of the whole run until a harder penalty is documented.

Eat things clearly smaller than you. Leave equal-size players alone until you have a Bite Speed or Reflex trait. If a larger silhouette enters the reef, leave the food pile instead of contesting it.
Damage formulas, bite ranges, and whether teaming is intended are unpublished. Rankings on this site stay conservative on purpose.
FAQ
Yes. The official page tells you to fight other players and climb the food chain. Treat every larger animal as a threat.
Footage shows a YOU ARE DEAD screen with a +300 payout. A full wipe has not been confirmed.